{"id":16430,"date":"2026-02-09T18:14:35","date_gmt":"2026-02-09T17:14:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.white-baos.com\/?p=16430"},"modified":"2026-02-09T18:14:39","modified_gmt":"2026-02-09T17:14:39","slug":"nullite-dun-testament-insanite-desprit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.white-baos.com\/fr\/nullite-dun-testament-insanite-desprit\/","title":{"rendered":"Nullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament pour insanit\u00e9 d\u2019esprit. Nouveau succ\u00e8s judiciaire. Conseil juridique."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

RESUM\u00c9 DE L\u2019ARTICLE<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Nullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament pour insanit\u00e9 d\u2019esprit.<\/u><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Un testament peut \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 nul si le testateur n\u2019\u00e9tait pas capable au moment de l\u2019octroyer. La capacit\u00e9 se pr\u00e9sume, mais le testament peut \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 nul s\u2019il existe des preuves d\u2019une alt\u00e9ration des facult\u00e9s mentales  (Alzheimer, d\u00e9mence, etc.)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    1. Pr\u00e9somption de validit\u00e9 et charge de la preuve.<\/u><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

      En Espagne, le testament est pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 valide. Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que le testateur avait la capacit\u00e9 requise, sauf preuve contraire. Celui qui conteste un testament doit apporter des preuves claires et objectives de l\u2019incapacit\u00e9 au moment de l\u2019acte, normalement des rapports m\u00e9dicaux ou d\u2019expertise. La pr\u00e9somption de capacit\u00e9 d\u00e9riv\u00e9e du jugement port\u00e9 par le notaire sur l\u2019aptitude du testateur, admet \u00e9galement la preuve contraire. Un tribunal peut r\u00e9viser l\u2019appr\u00e9ciation du notaire.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

      .<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n
      1. Cas r\u00e9el: testament nul pour d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration des facult\u00e9s mentales.<\/u><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

        Dans la d\u00e9cision favorable obtenue par  White-Baos Abogados, le testateur avait \u00e9tabli deux testaments en 2017. Apr\u00e8s avoir fait les testaments, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 judiciairement d\u00e9clar\u00e9 incapable. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme prouv\u00e9 qu\u2019au moment de la signature des actes il n\u2019en avait pas la  capacit\u00e9 suffisante. Le tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 la nullit\u00e9 des deux testaments.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \n\n\n\n

        Les conflits familiaux li\u00e9s aux h\u00e9ritages<\/a> sont plus fr\u00e9quents qu\u2019on ne le croirait. Souvent, les diff\u00e9rends entre h\u00e9ritiers surgissent soit parce qu\u2019il existe plusieurs testaments, soit pour des changements inattendus dans la r\u00e9partition ou pour des soup\u00e7ons de manipulation du testateur, entre autres raisons. Dans l\u2019article de cette semaine, nous analysons un cas r\u00e9el dans lequel notre cabinet a obtenu la d\u00e9claration de nullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament. La raison: l\u2019insanit\u00e9 d\u2019esprit du testateur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Principales causes de nullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament.<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Un testament peut \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 nul pour plusieurs raisons. Parmi les plus fr\u00e9quentes se trouvent :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        .- Les vices de forme.<\/u><\/em> Lorsque les exigences l\u00e9gales ne sont pas remplies. Par exemple, dans le cas d\u2019un testament ouvert, lorsqu\u2019il ne passe pas devant notaire, ou lorsqu\u2019il est \u00e9tabli dans des circonstances exceptionnelles, sans t\u00e9moins, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        .- Les vices du consentement.<\/u><\/em> Lorsqu\u2019on force le testateur \u00e0 \u00e9tablir un testament contre sa volont\u00e9, ou s\u2019il est victime de tromperie ou de manipulation<\/a> pour le contraindre \u00e0 tester d\u2019une mani\u00e8re particuli\u00e8re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Et, si le testateur n\u2019\u00e9tait pas sain d\u2019esprit, on peut aussi d\u00e9clarer la nullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament. Voyons cela \u00e0 continuation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        L\u2019incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 tester. Pr\u00e9somption de validit\u00e9 et charge de la preuve.<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Dans le droit espagnol, le point de d\u00e9part est que le testament est valide et que le testateur est capable, sauf preuve contraire. Ainsi, celui qui conteste un testament doit justifier de mani\u00e8re claire et concluante qu\u2019au moment de l\u2019\u00e9tablir, le testateur manquait de capacit\u00e9 rationnelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        La preuve doit porter sur le moment pr\u00e9cis de la signature du testament et de simples indices ou des conjectures ne suffisent pas. Des preuves objectives sont requises, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement des rapports m\u00e9dicaux ou d\u2019experts attestant d\u2019une incapacit\u00e9 mentale s\u00e9v\u00e8re. La complexit\u00e9 du testament<\/a> influe \u00e9galement sur les crit\u00e8res requis. Ainsi, on ne peut pas comparer un testament simple, qui pr\u00e9voit une r\u00e9partition basique des biens, avec un document plus \u00e9labor\u00e9, qui exige une plus grande capacit\u00e9 de discernement, qui pr\u00e9sente des clauses complexes, des dispositions relatives \u00e0 une compensation financi\u00e8re, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        En outre, dans les testaments \u00e9tablis devant notaire, celui-ci atteste que la personne qui est devant lui est capable de comprendre ce qu\u2019elle signe. Cette pr\u00e9somption admet toutefois la preuve contraire car le notaire<\/a> peut se tromper et le tribunal peut revoir son  appr\u00e9ciation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Le cas concret. Testaments annul\u00e9s suite \u00e0 une d\u00e9claration d\u2019incapacit\u00e9.<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Le testateur avait \u00e9tabli deux testaments: en mars et en juillet 2017. Le second \u00e9tait particuli\u00e8rement complexe en raison des clauses qu\u2019il contenait. Il se trouve que l\u2019\u00e9tat de sant\u00e9 du testateur s\u2019\u00e9tait progressivement d\u00e9grad\u00e9 au moment de la signature de ces  testaments. De plus, la testatrice a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9clar\u00e9e incapable juridiquement<\/a> en novembre 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Bien que la d\u00e9cision d\u2019incapacit\u00e9 soit post\u00e9rieure \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tablissement du testament, la jurisprudence est claire: \u201cla d\u00e9claration d\u2019incapacit\u00e9 ult\u00e9rieure peut constituer un indice que l\u2019anomalie mentale existait d\u00e9j\u00e0 au moment de l\u2019\u00e9tablissement du testament\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        En cons\u00e9quence, le tribunal a d\u00e9clar\u00e9 la nullit\u00e9 des testaments de mars et de juillet 2017, conform\u00e9ment \u00e0 la demande \u00a0de notre cabinet dans sa requ\u00eate. Vous pouvez consulter le jugement complet en cliquant ICI<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Conclusions<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Chez White & Baos Abogados nous sommes experts en contestations<\/a> de testaments et en d\u00e9clarations de nullit\u00e9 et transactions immobili\u00e8res en Espagne. Si vous soup\u00e7onnez qu\u2019un testament puisse \u00eatre invalide pour cause d\u2019insanit\u00e9 d\u2019esprit ou pour toute autre raison, n\u2019h\u00e9sitez pas \u00e0 nous contacter<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Carlos Baos (Avocat)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        White & Baos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        T\u00e9l : +34 966 426 185<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        E-mail : info@white-baos.com<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

        White & Baos 2026 \u2013 Tous les droits r\u00e9serv\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Vous pourriez \u00eatre int\u00e9ress\u00e9 par les services et les articles suivants :<\/u><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Nouveau succ\u00e8s judiciaire. Contestation de testament espagnol. R\u00e8glement europ\u00e9en 650\/2012 et r\u00e9sidence habituelle. H\u00e9ritage international. Conseil juridique expert.<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Nouveau succ\u00e8s judiciaire. Contestation judiciaire de testament espagnol. Droit \u00e0 la part r\u00e9servataire. Application de la loi espagnole \u00e0 des h\u00e9ritiers \u00e9trangers. Conseil juridique expert.<\/a><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

        Nouveau succ\u00e8s judiciaire. R\u00e9clamation d\u2019h\u00e9ritage non d\u00e9livr\u00e9 aux l\u00e9gataires. H\u00e9ritages conflictifs en Espagne. Biens immobiliers.<\/a><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        RESUM\u00c9 DE L\u2019ARTICLE Un testament peut \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 nul si le testateur n\u2019\u00e9tait pas capable au moment de l\u2019octroyer. La capacit\u00e9 se pr\u00e9sume, mais le testament peut \u00eatre d\u00e9clar\u00e9 nul s\u2019il existe des preuves d\u2019une alt\u00e9ration des facult\u00e9s mentales  (Alzheimer, d\u00e9mence, etc.) En Espagne, le testament est pr\u00e9sum\u00e9 valide. Il est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 que le testateur […]<\/p>\n

        Lire la suite…<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16414,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[509,598],"tags":[1716],"class_list":["post-16430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-assistance-conseil-et-planification-de-limpot-des-droits-de-succession-et-donation","category-la-contestation-et-nullite-de-testaments-en-espagne-motifs-de-contestation-comment-annuler-un-testament-ou-les-dernieres-volontes-determination-de-la-loi-applicable-heritages-internationaux-trans","tag-nullite-dun-testament-pour-insanite-desprit"],"yoast_head":"\nnullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament. Insanit\u00e9 d\u2019esprit.<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Nullit\u00e9 d\u2019un testament pour insanit\u00e9 d\u2019esprit. Alzheimer. D\u00e9mence. 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